CATAPHORIC REFERNCE OR CATAPHORA

                It refers forward. When a Linguistic Unit (i.e. a word, a noun, a pronoun etc.) refer ahead to something later in the text, “the holy prophet loved his companion, Hazrat Abu Bakar Saddique (R.A.)”. In this example, the phrase “his companion” refers to Hazrat Abu Bakar Saddique (R.A.) which comes later in the text. To understand a Cataphora, we have to read the text further to reach the real point.

EXAMPLE

                If you need one, there is a pen for you on table.

                In this above sentence, the relationship one to a pen is an example of cataphora.    

EXAMPLE EXPLAINED

                If you want to understand ‘one’ you have to read the text further till you reach the noun ‘pen’. Then you understand what is meant by ‘one’.