3. GUDDU BARRAGE:
It has been constructed on Indus River at Guddu, 90 miles upstream from Sukkur and ten milesfrom Kashmor. The canals that branch out from here irrigate about 31 lakh acres of land inSukkur, Jacobabad and Shikarpur areas. It is located near Sukkur in Pakistan. The project wascompleted in 1962. The maximum flood level height of this barrage is 26ft (8meters). GudduBarrage supplies water for irrigation to 2.9million acres of agricultural lands in the Districts of Jacobabad, Larkana and Sukkur of Sindh and the Nasirabad District of Balouchistan. The cost of the project was 474.8 million rupees.
4. KOTRI (GHULAM MUHAMMAD BARRAGE):
5. Tarbela Dam and Reservoir:
Tarbela Dam is a large dam on the Indus River in Pakistan, which is located about50km North West of Islamabad. The dam was completed in 1976 and was designed to storewater from the Indus River for the purpose of irrigation, flood control and for the generation of hydro-electric power. It is a part of Indus Basin project which resulted from a water treaty signed
in 1960 between India and Pakistan. The reservoir capacity of the dam is 3.69 km. Its height isabout 143meters and 2743meters wide. The useful efficiency of the dam and its reservoir isestimated to be around 50 years that the reservoir will be full of sediments within next 20 years.Tarbela Dam is a major source of Pakistan’s total hydro-electric capacity.
6. WARSAK DAM :
Warsak Hydro Electric Power Project is located on River Kabul at about 30 km from Peshawar in North-West Frontier Province of Pakistan. In general, the project consists of a mass concretegravity dam with integral spillway, power tunnel, power station, a concrete lined 10 feetdiameter irrigation tunnel on right bank and a 3 feet diameter steel pipe irrigation conduit on the left bank of the reservoir. The 250 ft. high and 460 ft. long dam with reservoir of 4 square mileshad a live storage capacity of 25,300 acre-feet of water for irrigation of 119,000 acres of landand meeting power generation requirement. A spillway with nine gates is capable to discharge540,000 cusecs of flood water.
7. KALABAGH DAM:
TheKalabagh damwas a mega water reservoir that theGovernment of Pakistanwas planning todevelop across theIndus River , one of the world's largest rivers.
8. CHASHMA RESERVOIR:
Chashma Barrage wetland site is located Indus Monsoon Forest, some 25 km south west of Mianwali,Punjab,Pakistan.Thal and sehwan reservoirs are also located at this river.
River Jehlum:
The river Jhelum rises from a spring atVerinagsituated at the foot of thePir Panjalin the south-eastern part of the valley of Kashmir in India. It flows through Srinagar and theWular lakebefore entering Pakistan through a deep narrow gorge. The Kishenganga (Neelum) River,the largest tributary of the Jhelum, joins it near Muzaffarabad,as does the next largest,theKunhar River of theKaghan valley. It also connects with Pakistan and Pakistan-heldKashmir onKohala Bridgeeast of Circle Bakote. It is then joined by the Poonch river, and flowsinto theMangla Damreservoir in the district of Mirpur.The Jhelum enters thePunjabintheJhelum District.From there, it flows through the plains of Pakistan's Punjab, forming the boundary between theChajandSindh Sagar Doabs. It ends in a confluence withtheChenabatTrimmuin DistrictJhang. The Chenab merges with theSutlejto form thePanjnadRiver which joins theIndus River atMithankot. It is a tributary of theIndus River and has a totallength of about 480 miles (774 kilometers). It is the largest and most western of the five riversof Punjab
1 . MANGLA DAM:
TheMangla Damis the twelfth largest dam in the world. It was constructed in 1967 acrosstheJhelum River , about 67 miles (100 km) south-east of the Pakistani capital,Islamabadin[[dadyal Mirpur]] district of Azad Kashmir, Pakistan. The main structures of the dam include 4embankment dams, 2 spillways, 5 power-cum-irrigation tunnels and a 1,000MW power station.
The main dam is 10,300 feet (3140 m) long and 454 feet (138 m) high (above core trench) with areservoir of 97.7 square miles (253 km²). Since its first impounding in 1967, sedimentation hasoccurred to the extent of 1.13 millionacre feet(1.39 km³), and the present gross storage capacityhas declined to 4.75 million acre feet (5.86 km³) from the actual design of 5.88 million acre feet(7.25 km³). The live capacity has declined to 4.58 million acre feet (5.65 km³) from 5.34 millionacre feet (6.59 km³). This implies a reduction of 19.22% in the capacity of the dam.The power station of mangla dam consists of 10 units each having capacity of 100 MW.In order to remedy the storage capacity decreases, the Pakistani government has decided to raisethe dam by 40 feet (12 m), to 494 feet (151 m) high. This will increase the reservoir capacity by18% and provide an additional 644 MWh of power, but will displace 40,000 people currentlyliving near the reservoir.The project was designed primarily to increase the amount of water that could be used for irrigation from the flow of the Jhelum and its tributaries. Its secondary function was to generateelectrical power from the irrigation releases at the artificial head of the reservoir.
RIVER CHENAB:
The Chenab River is formed by the confluence of the Chandra and Bhaga rivers at Tandi locatedin the upper Himalayas in the Lahul and Spiti District of Himachal Pradesh, India. It flowsthrough the Jammu region of Jammu and Kashmir into the plains of the Punjab. It is joined bythe Jhelum River at Trimmu and then by the Ravi River. It then merges with the Sutlej River near Uch Sharif, Pakistan to form the Panjnad or the 'Five Rivers', the fifth being the Beas River which joins the Sutlej near Ferozepur, India. The Chenab then joins the Indus at Mithankot,Pakistan. The total length of the Chenab is approximately 960 kilometers.
MARALA HEADWORKS:
The Marala headworks is situated at theChenab River near the city of Sialkot,Punjab, Pakistan.It is a massivehydroengineeringproject and is used to control water flow and flood control inriver Chenab.Chenab is a 1,086 km (675 mi) long river which originates intheKuluandKangraDistricts of Himachal PradeshinIndiaand is fed by the tributaries Chandraand Bagha as it entersJammu & Kashmir near Kishtwar. After cutting across thePir Panjalrange, it enters theSialkot DistrictinPakistanwhere the Marala Barrage was built acrossthe river in 1968 with a maximum discharge of 1.1 million ft³/s (31,000 m³/s). Two major water channels originate at the Marala headworks—the Marala-Ravi Link Canal and the Upper ChenabCanal. Proposals are under consideration to build Mangla Marala Link Canal to overcome anyshortage of water in future.Head Marala is also a picnic spot, wildlife sanctuary and unprotectedwetland. Many peoplecome here and enjoy the landscape and natural beauty.
