1 Scientific name: Cynara scolymus L.,
2 Name: Chrysanthemum (Asteraceae).
3 another name:
4 Description of plant:
High draft 1-1,2m tree trunk with soft bristles and vertical dimensions. Leaves demographics, alternately; lobes at the base of the leaf blade divided 2-3 feathers, leaves at the top, almost raw, on the green, the underside with white hairs, stalks and leaves to short. Flower clusters form at the top of the branch head of the body, including many blue-violet tubular flowers enclosed in a floral empire lean 6-15cm diameter, is surrounded by several bracts at the base, pointed tip. Closing smooth results with white silk and stick together longer results in the original, the round easily separated when the fruit ripens. Seeds without endosperm.
Flower Season: May 12-2.
5 Distribution:
Plants are the French to Vietnam since the 19th century plantation where alpine climate is cool as Sapa, Muong Khuong (Lao Cai), Tam Dao (Vinh Phuc) ...
6 Cultivation:
  Artichoke popular year-round cool climate cool. 15-18oC appropriate temperature range. In Vietnam usually grown at altitudes of 1,000 - 1,500 meters above sea level. At this height, the tree can live for many years, both seed production, both to provide pharmaceuticals. In the plains and the northern midlands, Evil can grow in winter-spring ratio. Evil is spicy chocolate ti strong growth, so should choose thick soil, drainage and based fertilizers.
Ac ti planted by seed and stem branch number. Grown in cooler highlands, has a fruit tree, just laying around the base branch sprouts. In mountainous northern provinces, can sow in late autumn or 1.2 months (9.10 months). Age is 45-50 days at nursery. When sawn tree leaves growing feathers can hit.
In the plains and the northern midlands, sown in early October, beat down week on November planting.
After tillage small, raised bed 20-25cm, 40cm wide bed surface, complementary niches saints row between rows. 70-80cm niches apart. Use of manure Section 10-15 tons / ha, applied primer. Planted about 10,000 trees per hectare, juices, manure or fertilizer 2-3 times depending on the situation of tree growth, the first irrigation termination at 15 days after planting, the 2nd interval of 20 days. You can use 80-100kg urea / ha for each irrigation. Weeding when cultivate irrigated end combination. Thereafter, each month as once cultivators corvun until the navigation tree canopy. In the plains and the northern midlands, early February may stop caring.
In mountainous areas, the ratio can plant evil once and harvested in 2-3 years. Mother plants going extinct, the tree continues to grow. 3 months after planting, harvesting can begin. Use a sharp knife to trim the leaves. Depending on the ability to care for each year can be harvested 2-3 times. After each harvest, need dressing, weeding and cultivating.
In plain, usually harvested once in 4-5 months, depending on weather conditions.
Cut whole stems of processing, can be used both medicinal roots. Boiling steam with high pressure to quickly handle leaves. Then dried or dried.
Portability true: Artichoke Plants have the ability to grow well in cool climates such as Sapa.
The ability to develop specialized farming: Currently, we have implemented region-growing number ti evil in some places as Sapa. Just as the climate is suitable trees will grow easily.
7 Harvesting and processing:
Unopened inflorescences harvested as vegetables in the month 12-2. And the leaves are harvested when plants are about to flower or flowers. Pulley quit living leaves exposed to the sun or dried.
8 Parts used:
Leaf (Folium Cynarae scolymi)
Flower (Flos Cynarae scolym
9 Chemical composition:
Inflorescence contains protid: 3%, lipid: 0.1-0.3%, sugar: 11 to 15.5% (consisting mainly of inulin, need for diabetics), 82% water; There are vitamins A, B1, B2, C and the mineral manganese, phosphorus and iron. Artichoke flowers 100g body provides 50-70 calories.
The leaves contain a crystalline substance is a known glycosides Cynarin C25H24O12.H2O formula, carrying two acid molecules cafeic and quinic acid molecule. In fresh leaves can also tannin, two heterosid flavonic is cyanosid and insoluble in ether called scolymosid.
Function 10:
Anti-aging, detoxification, lowering blood fat, liver, diuretic.
11 Application:
Stuffed Artichoke nutrition, digestion, supplements liver, cardiac, diuretic, anti-trust, increase milk secretion, gastric pain, it is important for people with diabetes.
Medical disability leaves the liver, jaundice, blood cholesterol, atherosclerosis, excess blood urea, gout, rheumatism, urinary stones, aqua emphysema, increased diuresis. Artichoke is beneficial medicinal plant known secret for centuries.
We can say the Artichoke and its preparations to create a classic factors of plant therapy to stimulate the secretion of bile, stimulating digestion and strengthen the function of the kidneys and digestive secretions.
Usage: It is used in multiple formats artichoke, fresh or dried can drink braking, sharp high water then either cooked into a liquid, soft high. And the form of fresh extracts or tinctures with alcohol.
12 Usage and dosage:
On 6-12g decoction or tea as medicine, high software, exclusive or in combination with other herbs. On the market there is high artichoke preparations in capsule form and drug preparations tea form.