Effect of different sources of fertilizers on the yield and yield components of wheat (KT 2000) under rainfed conditions of BARS

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Introduction: Nutrients are lost from the soil plant system in a number of ways including, leaching, volatilization, de-nitrification, precipitation and fixation by clay minerals. Considerable amount of nutrients are taken up from the soil in harvested crop material. For sustainable agriculture, fertility of the soil must be maintained by adding fertilizers to the soil both in natural and organic form. So it is therefore, imperative to add fertilizers to the soil either in organic or in mineral form to get maximum yield of the crops. The types and amounts of fertilizer to be applied depend on the crop to be grown and nutrient supplying power of soil. It has been reported that judicious and balanced fertilizer can increase crop yield up to 40-50%. The present experiment was designed to determine the optimum levels of NPK for achieving the profitable yield of improved variety (KT-2010) under the agro-climatic conditions of Kohat. Materials and methods: The experiment was laid out at BARS, Kohat in RCB design with sevendifferent fertilizer levels viz. 000, DAP+ UREA+ POT sulfate,DAP + Amm: sulfate +POT: sulfate,NP+UREA +POT: sulfate, NP+ amm:sulfate + POT: sulfate, SSP +UREA+ pot: sulfate, SSP+ amm:sulfate+ POT: sulfate @90-60-30, N, P2O5, K2O Kg/ha replicated three times. Prior to fertilizer application, a composite soil sample was collected and analyzed for various fertility parameters. The data about the effect of different sources of fertilizers on KT(2000) were recorded. The crop was harvested on 08-05-2012. The net plot harvested was 5m2 for recording yield data. The grain yield data was subjected to statistical analysis by computing analysis of variance and employing DMRT for comparison of means using MSTAT-C computer program. Results and discussion: The physico-chemical analysis of composite soil sample indicated that the experimental site had pH value of 7.44 with electrical conductivity of 0.14 d S/m. Soil was alkaline, strongly calcareous (21.25% CaCO3), deficient in organic matter, nitrogen & phosphorus and adequate in potassium. It has no problem of salinity and is clay loam in texture. (Table SS-1.1) Table SS-1.1 PHYSICO-CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF EXPERIMENTAL SITE AT BARS, KOHAT Parameter Unit Value pH - 7.44 3 ECx10 ds/m 0.14 CaCO3 % 21.25 Organic Matter % 1.035 Nitrogen % 0.05175 Phosphorus mg/kg 9.4 Potash mg/kg 160.0 Clay % 38 Silt % 40 Sand % 22 Textural Class - Clay loam The grain yield was significantly increased due to different fertilizer combinations (Table SS-1.2). The highest grain yield of 2133 kg ha-1 was recorded by applying NP+UREA+K2SO4 @ 90-60-30 kg ha-1 followed by 1933 and 1900 kg ha-1 obtained by applying DAP+AMM sulfate+POT sulfate combinations and DAP+URAE+K2SO4combinations respectively. The difference between the treatment No. 2, 3 and 4 was not significant, while these treatments were significantly different from the treatment No. 5, 6 and 7. The lowest grain yield of 1200 kg ha-1 was recorded in the control treatment. So, it was concluded that T4: NP+URAE+ POT sulfate combinations@ 90:60:30 Kg/ha can be recommended as a suitable combinations to obtain highest grain yield under the agro climatic conditions of Kohat. TABLE-SS 1.2 EFFECT OF DIFFERENT SOURCES OF FERTILIZERS ON THE GRAIN YIELD OF WHEAT (KT- 2000) AT BARS, KOHAT Treatment Sources of fertilizers R1 R2 R3 MENAS Ranking T1 0-0-0 1600 900 1100 1200 B T2 DAP+URAE+K2SO4 2400 1700 1600 1900 A T3 DAP+Amm:Sulfate+ K2SO4 2000 2100 1700 1933 A T4 NP+URAE+ K2SO4 2500 2000 1900 2133 A T5 NP+ Amm:sulfate+ K2SO4 1800 1800 1300 1633 AB T6 SSP+UREA+ K2SO4 1700 1600 1400 1566 AB T7 SSP+Amm: sulfate+ K2SO4 1700 1300 1800 1600 AB



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zskohat

Done M.Phil in Agricultural Entomology. doing job as Agricultural Scientist.

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