The Battle of Bataan - Part II

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The second battle was a brief one. It is called the Battle of Trail 2. It has happened 4days after The Stand. Trail 2 was the line of defense hastily organized by General Bluemel which was successful in preventing the withdrawing US and Filipino from a major wipeout by the Japanese troops. The Japanese in their pursuit has found a gap to attack the withdrawing army with but was repelled in time by the trail2 line of defense.

The third Battle was called the Battle of Pockets after the intentions of the Japanese army to pocket their areas of defense. After the battle of Trail2 Japanese troops managed still to get through using other routes and gaps in the withdrawing army. The battle was marked by Capt. Santos, 1st Division’s actions which outsmarted and countered the strategies of the Japanese troops. He was nicknamed the "hero of pockets" for this and was promoted as major. The battle lasted from January 23 to February 22. On February 8, General Homma tried to order his men to stop their offensive operations seeing that they were getting closer to defeat but it was too late because most of the other divisions were already in contact with their enemies. The battle resulted in the USAFFE’s re-occupation of most positions that were taken from them by the Japanese Imperial Army. The Japanese had not yet been defeated but it was their turn to withdraw their forces.

Meanwhile, on the west side of the Southern coast of Bataan, Japanese troops and USAFFE met on a battle known as the Battle of Points. The fighting lasted from January 23 to February 13, 1942. It was a remarkable battle because of the 2000 Japanese troops deployed there, only 43 made it alive and wounded. In that battle sailors were ordered to make noises and wear colorful uniforms in order to tempt the Japanese troops to shoot at them. This strategy revealed the hiding positions of the Japanese in the trees where the USAFFE army attacked them.

General MacArthur with family and staff officers left Corregidor on March 12 , 1942. He went to Mindanao and from there flew to Australia where he made his famous promise "I Shall Return" to the Filipinos. Because of this, the USAFFE changed its name to USFIP( US Forces in the Philippines) commanded by Lt.Gen. Wainwright IV.

The second attack of the Japanese Imperial Army on Bataan then began. With the intention of completely destroying the American strongholds, Japanese General Headquarters sent more troops, aircrafts and artilleries. With only the capture of Bataan as their campaign, the Japanese forces arrived and backed the forces of General Homma. They aimed straight for Bataan and charged the defense lines of Americans and Filipinos ranks after ranks. This final assault bombarded the USFIP bases, neutralized I Corps and II Corps and destroyed communications between the commanders of the Bataan base and their lines of Defense. On April 6, the main defense of Bataan has collapsed and refugees started filling all roads. Some soldiers were even seen fleeing along with them. April 8 then marked the end of resistance for the commander on Bataan, Gen. King. He proposed for capitulation and on April 9, 1942 he met and negotiated with Maj. Gen. Kameichiro Nagano which lasted for hours and ended in the announcement of the surrender of the weary and embattled alliance of the Americans and the Filipinos thus, marking the Falling of Bataan in history.

The Allied forces then, with no more strength to fight back were forcibly ordered by the Japanese Imperial Army on the famous Death March to transfer them from Bataan to Camp O'Donnell and be locked as prisoners of war. Approximately 75,000 soldiers marched on foot the 128km distance resulting in the death of about 10,000 soldiers. Besides that, what makes the Battle of Bataan famous is the amazing teamwork and camaraderie which the Americans and Filipinos applied in their battle against the Japanese army.



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luis-olivar

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